Physical effects include hypertension, increased heart rate, agitation, seizures, dilated pupils. It is not known whether DMT is addictive. More research is needed to find out if DMT is addictive and, if so, whether behavioral therapies are effective. Euphoria, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, memory loss, unconsciousness, slowed heart rate and breathing, lower body temperature, seizures, coma, death.
Insomnia, anxiety, tremors, sweating, increased heart rate and blood pressure, psychotic thoughts. Collapsed veins; abscesses swollen tissue with pus ; infection of the lining and valves in the heart; constipation and stomach cramps; liver or kidney disease; pneumonia. Pregnancy: miscarriage, low birth weight, neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, diarrhea, vomiting, cold flashes with goose bumps "cold turkey". Methadone Buprenorphine Naltrexone short- and long-acting forms. Various household products Amyl nitrite a prescription solution is used to relieve pain of angina attacks chest pain. Paint thinners or removers, degreasers, dry-cleaning fluids, gasoline, lighter fluids, correction fluids, permanent markers, electronics cleaners and freeze sprays, glue, spray paint, hair or deodorant sprays, fabric protector sprays, aerosol computer cleaning products, vegetable oil sprays, butane lighters, propane tanks, whipped cream aerosol containers, refrigerant gases, ether, chloroform, halothane, nitrous oxide, prescription nitrites.
Nitrites: enlarged blood vessels, enhanced sexual pleasure, increased heart rate, brief sensation of heat and excitement, dizziness, headache. Liver and kidney damage; bone marrow damage; limb spasms due to nerve damage; brain damage from lack of oxygen that can cause problems with thinking, movement, vision, and hearing. Nitrites: increased risk of pneumonia. Pregnancy: low birth weight, bone problems, delayed behavioral development due to brain problems, altered metabolism and body composition.
More research is needed to find out if behavioral therapies can be used to treat inhalant addiction. When misused: Injected, snorted, smoked powder added to tobacco or marijuana cigarettes , swallowed Prescription formulas are injections or nasal sprays. Problems with attention, learning, and memory; dreamlike states, hallucinations; sedation; confusion; loss of memory; raised blood pressure; unconsciousness; dangerously slowed breathing.
Sometimes used as a date rape drug. There are no FDA-approved medications to treat addiction to ketamine or other dissociative drugs. More research is needed to find out if behavioral therapies can be used to treat addiction to dissociative drugs. Euphoria, increased alertness and arousal, increased blood pressure and heart rate, depression, paranoia, headaches, loss of appetite, insomnia, fine tremors, loss of short-term memory. Gastrointestinal disorders such as constipation, ulcers, and stomach inflammation; and increased risk of heart attack.
In rare cases associated with heavy use: psychotic reactions such as fear, anxiety, grandiose delusions fantastical beliefs that one has superior qualities such as fame, power, and wealth , hallucinations, and paranoia.
It is not known whether khat is addictive. There are no FDA-approved medications to treat addiction to khat. More research is needed to find out if khat is addictive and, if so, whether behavioral therapies are effective. Nausea, dizziness, itching, sweating, dry mouth, constipation, increased urination, loss of appetite. Low doses: increased energy, sociability, alertness.
High doses: sedation, euphoria, decreased pain. Anorexia, weight loss, insomnia, skin darkening, dry mouth, frequent urination, constipation. Hallucinations with long-term use at high doses in some users. More research is needed to find out if behavioral therapies can be used to treat addiction to kratom. Tablet; capsule; clear liquid; small, decorated squares of absorbent paper that liquid has been added to.
Frightening flashbacks called Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder [HPPD] ; ongoing visual disturbances, disorganized thinking, paranoia, and mood swings. More research is needed to find out if behavioral therapies can be used to treat addiction to hallucinogens. THC vaping products mixed with the filler Vitamin E acetate and possibly other chemicals has led to serious lung illnesses and deaths. Pregnancy: babies born with problems with attention, memory, and problem solving.
Lowered inhibition; enhanced sensory perception; increased heart rate and blood pressure; muscle tension; nausea; faintness; chills or sweating; sharp rise in body temperature leading to kidney failure or death. Long-lasting confusion, depression, problems with attention, memory, and sleep; increased anxiety, impulsiveness; less interest in sex. Alcohol can increase plasma concentrations of MDMA, which may increase the risk of neurotoxic effects.
There is conflicting evidence about whether MDMA is addictive. More research is needed to find out if behavioral therapies can be used to treat MDMA addiction. Enhanced perception and feeling; hallucinations; euphoria; anxiety; increased body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure; sweating; problems with movement. Increased wakefulness and physical activity; decreased appetite; increased breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, temperature; irregular heartbeat.
Pregnancy: premature delivery; separation of the placenta from the uterus; low birth weight; lethargy; heart and brain problems. Some of the initial drugs from this class include: diclazepam flubromazepam pyrazolam 9 There is limited information on the short and long-term health effects of novel benzodiazepines. Health and safety There is no safe level of drug use. Triple zero should be called immediately if someone is experiencing negative effects and looks like they are in trouble.
There have been a number of deaths caused by NPS. Negative side-effects and overdose are more likely when NPS are taken in combination with alcohol or other drugs.
Taking a low dose first could help determine the effects and the strength of the drug. Activities like driving, swimming and operating machinery while under the influence should therefore be avoided. This can make it easy to overdose. Many NPS contain a range of fillers and cutting agents that could lead to health problems, particularly if injected.
Given caffeine is contained in many products, sometimes in high quantities, additional caffeine consumption i. People with mental health conditions may be at higher risk of harm from these drugs, as most of the deaths associated with them such as suicides have involved people with mental health conditions.
They can therefore cause health problems particularly amongst older people and people with pre-existing medical conditions. It can be difficult for medical practitioners to know how to treat someone who has overdosed on or has health problems caused by NPS, given the large number of these drugs on the market and the lack of research on their effects.
Treatment could be quicker and more effective if the person has used the drug with somebody who can advise exactly what has been taken and the dosage, or it has been written down — supplying the packet might be helpful.
Getting help If your use of NPS is affecting your health, family, relationships, work, school, financial or other life situations, you can seek help:. Path2Help Not sure what you are looking for? Find out more. To maintain a healthy balance in your life, you need to have positive experiences and feel good about your life without any drug use.
Drug abuse may start as a way to socially connect. People often try drugs for the first time in social situations with friends and acquaintances. A strong desire to fit in to the group can make it feel like doing the drugs with them is the only option. Problems can sometimes sneak up on you, as your drug use gradually increases over time. Smoking a joint with friends over the weekend, or taking ecstasy at a rave, or painkillers when your back aches, for example, can change from using drugs a couple of days a week to using them every day.
Gradually, getting and using the drug becomes more and more important to you. As drug abuse takes hold, you may miss or frequently be late for work or school, your job performance may progressively deteriorate, and you may start to neglect social or family responsibilities.
Your ability to stop using is eventually compromised. What began as a voluntary choice has turned into a physical and psychological need. Eventually drug abuse can consume your life, stopping social and intellectual development. This only reinforces feelings of isolation. While each drug produces different physical effects, all abused substances share one thing in common: repeated use can alter the way the brain functions.
This includes commonly abused prescription medications as well as recreational drugs. With the right treatment and support, you can counteract the disruptive effects of drug use and regain control of your life.
The first obstacle is to recognize and admit you have a problem, or listen to loved ones who are often better able to see the negative effects drug use is having on your life. Although different drugs have different physical effects, the symptoms of addiction are similar. If you recognize yourself in the following signs and symptoms, talk to someone about your drug use. Neglecting responsibilities at school, work, or home e.
Using drugs under dangerous conditions or taking risks while high , such as driving while on drugs, using dirty needles, or having unprotected sex. Experiencing legal trouble, such as arrests for disorderly conduct, driving under the influence, or stealing to support a drug habit. Problems in your relationships, such as fights with your partner or family members, an unhappy boss, or the loss of friends. You need to use more of the drug to experience the same effects you used to attain with smaller amounts.
You use to avoid or relieve withdrawal symptoms. If you go too long without drugs, you experience symptoms such as nausea, restlessness, insomnia, depression, sweating, shaking, and anxiety. Loss of control over your drug use. You may want to stop using, but you feel powerless. Your life revolves around drug use. Drug abusers often try to conceal their symptoms and downplay their problem. Marijuana: Glassy, red eyes; loud talking, inappropriate laughter followed by sleepiness; loss of interest, motivation; weight gain or loss.
Stimulants including amphetamines, cocaine, crystal meth : Dilated pupils; hyperactivity; euphoria; irritability; anxiety; excessive talking followed by depression or excessive sleeping at odd times; may go long periods of time without eating or sleeping; weight loss; dry mouth and nose. Hallucinogens LSD, PCP : Dilated pupils; bizarre and irrational behavior including paranoia, aggression, hallucinations; mood swings; detachment from people; absorption with self or other objects, slurred speech; confusion.
Heroin: Contracted pupils; no response of pupils to light; needle marks; sleeping at unusual times; sweating; vomiting; coughing, sniffling; twitching; loss of appetite. In recent years, prescription drug abuse has become an escalating problem, most commonly involving opioid painkillers, anti-anxiety medications , sedatives, and stimulants.
Many people start taking these drugs to cope with a specific medical problem—taking painkillers following injury or surgery, for example. However, over time, increased doses are needed to achieve the same level of pain relief and some users can become physically dependent, experiencing withdrawal symptoms if they try to quit. One of the earliest warning signs of a developing problem is going through the medication at a faster-than-expected rate. This gives the virus a chance to mutate and become resistant to the effects of the drug.
Taking medications regularly means:. Taking your medications at the proper intervals during the day. Try to divide up your dosing times as evenly as possible throughout the day: for example, every 12 hours for a drug that needs to be taken twice a day, or every 8 hours for a drug that needs to be taken three times a day. Make up a schedule that fits into your daily routine, and try to take your medications within 1 hour of each scheduled time.
Taking all of your doses each day.
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